东京都轨道枢纽TOD建设与启示-中国名城

文章信息/Info

作者:: 周建高; 汤晓冬; 周建高，天津社会科学院社会治理研究中心、社会学研究所研究员，博士；汤晓冬，中国建筑设计研究院有限公司规划建筑二院规划所副所长，高级规划师。

摘要:: TOD概念是针对因家用汽车普及导致的城市蔓延、市中心空洞化、公共服务难以维持等问题而提出的城市空间开发模式。在以轨道交通为基础发展起来的东京都，新宿站是轨道客运为主的交通枢纽，多条运输线路密集，通过车站和周边地区的商业开发、空间立体利用，形成多功能混合密集、吸引大量客流的城市中心。形成新宿高效运输系统的动力源自国家、城市、民间多种主体间的竞争与合作。私营铁道是市郊轨道网的主体，商店等城市功能点单体规模小，使得步行可达的有限面积内可以集聚多种服务。轨道交通线网和站点密集所带来的便利性是公共交通成为出行首选的关键因素。中国人均土地较少的地理国情与日本近似，在TOD建设中可以借鉴日本经验。

Abstract:: The concept of TOD is an urban space development model proposed to address the problems of urban sprawl, hollowing out of the city center, and difficulty in maintaining public services due to the popularization of family cars. In Tokyo, which is developed on the basis of rail transit, Shinjuku Station is a transportation hub mainly for rail passenger transport. There are many transportation lines. Through the commercial development and three-dimensional utilization of space in the station and surrounding areas, it has formed a multi-functional mixed density, attracting a large number of Passenger flow of the city center. The driving force for the formation of Shinjukus efficient transportation system comes from the competition and cooperation among various national, urban and private entities. Private railways are the main body of the suburban railway network, and the small scale of urban function points such as shops allows a variety of services to be gathered in a limited area within walking distance. The convenience brought by the dense network of rail transit lines and stations is the key factor for public transportation to become the first choice for travel. The geographical conditions of China with less land per capita are similar to those of Japan, and Japans experience can be used for reference in the construction of TOD.