邻里环境对青少年健康的影响——以体力活动为中介变量的实证检验-中国名城

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Effect of Neighborhood Environment on Adolescent Health: An Empirical Test with Physical Activities as a Mediating Variable

作者:: 项振海; 王勇; 刘群; 卓永钊; 班鹏飞; 项振海，昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院副系主任，讲师；王勇，昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院硕士研究生；刘群，云南省昭通市盐津县普洱镇中心完小高级教师；卓永钊，云南省昭通市盐津县普洱镇人民政府工程师；班鹏飞（通信作者），昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院特聘副教授。

Keywords:: neighborhood environment; physical activities; adolescent health; mediation effect

摘要:: 邻里环境可通过影响青少年的体力活动而影响其身心健康。基于昆明市1 549份青少年家庭问卷数据，细化邻里物质与社会环境指标，采用结构方程模型检验邻里环境对青少年健康的影响，并开展性别分组比较。结果显示：（1）邻里环境对青少年健康具有显著直接影响，标准化效应值为0.335，其中社会资本因子的贡献最大；（2）体力活动在该影响路径中起中介作用，中介效应值为0.012，即存在“邻里环境—体力活动—健康”的路径；（3）影响路径存在显著性别差异，邻里环境对健康的直接影响在男女样本中均显著，但间接影响仅在女性中显著，效应值为0.012。基于上述结果，建议在邻里环境建设中强化微观层面的多层次营造，坚持以人为本，针对性满足不同性别青少年的需求，以提升其身心健康，并为健康城市建设提供理论与实践参考。

Abstract:: The neighborhood environment can affect adolescents’ physical and mental health by influencing their physical activiities. Based on 1,549 household questionnaires of adolescents in Kunming, this study refines indicators of neighborhood physical and social environments, employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the effects of the neighborhood environment on adolescent health, and conducts gender-based subgroup comparisons. The results show that: (1) the neighborhood environment has a significant direct effect on adolescent health, with a standardized effect of 0.335, and the social capital factor contributes the most; (2) physical activity plays a mediating role in this pathway, with a mediation effect of 0.012, indicating the existence of a "neighborhood environment → physical activity → health" pathway; (3) there are significant gender differences in the pathways. The direct effect of neighborhood environment on health is significant for both males and females, but the indirect effect is significant only among females, with an effect of 0.012. Based on these findings, it is recommended to strengthen multi-level, micro-scale approaches to neighborhood development, adhere to a people-centered orientation, and specifically address the differing needs of adolescents of different genders to improve their physical and mental health, thereby providing theoretical and practical guidance for healthy city development.