日本都市农业多元功能建设经验与启示-中国名城

文章信息/Info

Title:: Japanese Lessons from Developing Multiple Functions in Urban Agriculture

Keywords:: urban agriculture; multiple function; personal health; urban public health; Japanese lessons

摘要:: 都市农业拥有景观、交流、食育与教育、环境保全、防灾、地产地消6项功能，诸多实践表明多元化功能对城市公共健康的良性建构具有深远意义。目前，我国从公共健康视角出发的城市相关规划主要集中在景观设计方面，尚未重视都市农业的价值作用。日本制定了与城市公共健康相关的多维度、层级化的都市农业振兴计划，从法制上强调了财政、税制、金融等经济措施并制定了相关土地政策，同时常年对都市农业经营者的意见进行系统调研，形成民众反馈路径。借鉴日本都市农业多元功能建设经验，提出都市农业发展需要以政府的推动为动力，以保障都市农业用地规模为核心，把农民与低收入人群为目标主体，以促进城市居民对都市农业的全方位理解为最终方向，促进我国城市公共健康的良性构建。

Abstract:: Landscape, communication, food introduction and education, environmental preservation, disaster prevention and local circulation of production and consumption are six core functions of urban agriculture. These multi-functions impact significantly on the positive construction of urban public health system. Currently, urban planning from a public health perspective in China is mainly focuses on landscape design and has not yet paid attention to the valuable role of urban agriculture. Japan has developed a multidimensional and hierarchical urban agriculture revitalization plan related to urban public health, with legal emphasis on economic measures such as fiscal, taxation, and financial measures as well as the development of relevant land policies, while conducting systematic research on the opinions of urban agriculture operators throughout the year and forming a popular feedback path. From the perspective of urban public health, the appropriate operation of Chinese urban agriculture is to obtain impulsiveness from the instruction of government, guarantee the scale of agricultural fields as the pivotal step, encourage the farmers and low-income groups as the vital participants and eventually promote a panoramic understanding of urban agriculture to inhabitants based in cities.