[1]王佩璇,汪家遥,袁 骋,等.基于风险评估与寿命预测的古建木构靶向修复方法研究[J].中国名城,2026,40(5):88-96.[doi:10.19924/j.cnki.1674-4144.2026.005.011]
　WANG Peixuan,WANG Jiayao,YUAN Cheng,et al.Research on Targeted Restoration Methods for Ancient Timber Structures Based on Risk Assessment and Lifespan Prediction[J].China Ancient City,2026,40(5):88-96.[doi:10.19924/j.cnki.1674-4144.2026.005.011]
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基于风险评估与寿命预测的古建木构靶向修复方法研究()

中国名城[ISSN:1674-4144/CN:32-1793/GO]

卷:
40
期数:
2026年5期
页码:
88-96
栏目:
出版日期:
2026-05-05

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research on Targeted Restoration Methods for Ancient Timber Structures Based on Risk Assessment and Lifespan Prediction
文章编号:
1674-4144（2026）005-0088-09
作者:
王佩璇; 汪家遥; 袁 骋; 李胜才
王佩璇，扬州大学土木与交通学院建筑系讲师，博士；汪家遥，扬州大学土木与交通学院建筑系硕士研究生；袁 骋，扬州大学土木与交通学院建筑系硕士研究生；李胜才，扬州大学土木与交通学院建筑系教授，博士。
Author(s):
WANG Peixuan; WANG Jiayao; YUAN Cheng ; LI Shengcai
关键词:
古建木构; 预防性保护; 损伤定级; 时效模型; 靶向修复
Keywords:
ancient timber structures; preventive conservation; damage grading; time-effect model; targeted restoration
分类号:
TU-87
DOI:
10.19924/j.cnki.1674-4144.2026.005.011
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对当前古建木构保护中依赖经验、被动抢险的现状，提出一种基于风险评估与寿命预测的靶向修复决策方法。首先构建“材料—构件—结构—环境”多层级认知框架，综合运用含水率测定、视觉评估与微钻阻力检测，系统获取构件状态信息。在此基础上，建立融合“含水率风险”与“材质损失程度”的双维度损伤综合定级体系，将构件健康状态划分为Ⅰ级（完好）至Ⅴ级（危险）。进一步引入针对木梁与木柱的时效模型，通过量化腐朽、虫蛀等危害造成的截面损失，预测构件剩余使用寿命。结合损伤定级与寿命预测结果，形成“紧急抢险—重点预防—系统监测”三级递进式修复决策策略，推动保护干预模式从被动抢险转向基于风险的靶向管理与源头预防。以扬州某盐商住宅为例，结合靶向修复研究方法有效识别出建筑木构件高湿风险区与内部隐蔽病害，为约88%状态良好的构件制定长期监测计划，并为约12%需干预的构件明确保护修复措施与最佳干预时机。将离散检测与经验判断整合为数据驱动、模型支撑的闭环决策体系，为古建木构的精细化维护与预防性保护提供可操作的理论框架与技术路径。
Abstract:
In response to the current reliance on experience-based and passive emergency responses in the conservation of ancient timber structures, the research proposes a targeted restoration decision-making method based on risk assessment and lifespan prediction. Firstly, a multi-level cognitive framework of "material-component-structure-environment" is established, integrating moisture content measurement, visual assessment, and micro-drilling resistance testing to systematically acquire information on the condition of structural components. Based on this, a comprehensive dual-dimensional damage grading system is developed, incorporating both "moisture content risk" and "material loss degree". This system classifies the health status of structural components into five levels, ranging from Grade I (Intact) to Grade V (Hazardous). Furthermore, the research introduces a time-effect model specifically for timber beams and columns. By quantifying the cross-sectional loss caused by hazards such as decay and insect damage, this model predicts the remaining service life of the structural components. Through integrating the results of damage grading and lifespan prediction, a three-tiered progressive restoration decision is established ("Emergency Rescue-Priority Prevention-Systematic Monitoring"). This strategy promotes a shift in the protection intervention model from reactive emergency response to risk-based targeted management and source prevention. Taking a salt merchant’s residence in Yangzhou as a case study, this paper effectively identifies high-humidity risk zones and internal hidden defects in the timber structural components of the building using a targeted restoration research approach. It formulates long-term monitoring plans for approximately 88% of the components in good condition and defines specific conservation, restoration measures, along with optimal intervention timing for the remaining approximately 12% of components requiring intervention. This research integrates discrete detection and empirical judgment into a data-driven, model-supported closed-loop decision-making system, providing an actionable theoretical framework and technical pathway for the refined maintenance and preventive conservation of ancient timber structures.
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-06-02